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‏الجهاد والسير‏ (The Book of Jihad and Expedition )
CHAPTER: THE SAYING OF THE PROPHET (SALLALLAAHU ALAYHI WA SALLAM):" WE (PROPHETS) DO NOT HAVE ANY HEIRS; WHAT WE LEAVE BEHIND IS (TO BE GIVEN IN) CHARITY"  

No. 4351

It is narrated on the authority of 'A'isha who said: When the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) passed away, his wives made up their minds to send 'Uthman b. 'Affan (as their spokesman) to Abu Bakr to demand from him their share from the legacy of the Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam). (At this), A'isha said to them: Hasn't the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said:" We (Prophets) do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is (to be given in) charity"?

No. 4352

It is narrated on the authority of Urwa b. Zubair who narrated from A'isha that she informed him that Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam), sent someone to Abu Bakr to demand from him her share of the legacy left by the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) from what Allaah had bestowed upon him at Medina and Fadak and what was left from one-filth of the income (annually received) from Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said:" We (prophets) do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is (to be given in) charity." The household of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) will live on the income from these properties, but, by Allaah, I will not change the charity of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) from the condition in which it was in his own time. I will do the same with it as the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) himself used to do. So Abu Bakr refused to hand over anything from it to Fatima who got angry with Abu Bakr for this reason. She forsook him and did not talk to him until the end of her life. She lived for six months after the death of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam). When she died, her husband. 'Ali b. Abu Talib, buried her at night. He did not inform Abu Bakr about her death and offered the funeral prayer over her himself. During the lifetime of Fatima, 'All received (special) regard from the people. After she had died, he felt estrangement in the faces of the people towards him. So he sought to make peace with Abu Bakr and offer his allegiance to him. He had not yet owed allegiance to him as Caliph during these months. He sent a person to Abu Bakr requesting him to visit him unaccompanied by anyone (disapproving the presence of Umar). 'Umar said to Abu Bakr: BY Allaah, you will not visit them alone. Abu Bakr said: What will they do to me? By Allaah, I will visit them. And he did pay them a visit alone. 'All recited Tashahhud (as it is done in the beginning of a religious sermon) ; then said: We recognise your moral excellence and what Allaah has bestowed upon you. We do not envy the favour (i. e. the Caliphate) which Allaah nas conferred upon you; but you have done it (assumed the position of Caliph) alone (without consulting us), and we thought we had a right (to be consulted) on account of our kinship with the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam). He continued to talk to Abu Bakr (in this vein) until the latter's eyes welled up with tears. Then Abd Bakr spoke and said: By Allaah, in Whose Hand is my life, the kinship of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) is dearer to me than the kinship of my own people. As regards the dispute that has arisen between you and me about these properties, I have not deviated from the right course and I have not given up doing about them what the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to do. So 'Ali said to Abu Bakr: This aftetnoon is (fixed) for (swearing) allegiance (to you). So when Abu Bakr had finished his Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and recited Tashahhud, and described the status of 'Ali, his delay in swearing allegiance and the excuse which lie had offered to him (for this delay). (After this) he asked for God's forgiveness. Then 'Ali b. Abu Talib recited the Tashahhud. extolled the merits of Abu Bakr and (said that) his action was nott prompted by any jealousy of Abu Bakr on his part or his refusal to accept the high position which Allaah had conferred upon him, (adding: ) But we were of the opinion that we should have a share in the government, but the matter had been decided without taking us into confidence, and this displeased us. (Hence the delay in offering allegiance. The Muslims were pleased with this (explanation) and they said: You have done the right thing. The Muslims were (again) favourably inclined to 'Ali since he adopted the proper course of action.

No. 4353

It has been narrated on the authority of 'A'isha that Fatima and 'Abbas approached Abu Bakr, soliciting transfer of the legacy of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) to them. At that time, they were demanding his (Prophet's) lands at Fadak and his share from Khaibar. Abu Bakr said to them: I have heard from the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam). Then he quoted the hadith having nearly the same meaning as the one which has been narrated by Uqail on the authority of al-Zuhri (and which his gone before) except that in his version he said: Then 'Ali stood up, extolled the merits of Abu Bakr mentioned his superiority, and his earlier acceptance of Islam. Then he walked to Abu Bakr and swore allegiance to him. (At this) people turned towards 'Ali and said: you have done the right thing. And they became favourably inclined to 'Ali after he had adopted the proper course of action.

No. 4354

It has been narrated by 'Urwa b Zubair on the authority of 'A'isha, wife of the Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam), that Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam), requested Abu Bakr, after the death of the Messenger of Allaah (may peace he upon him), that he should set apart her share from what the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) had left from the properties that God had bestowed upon him. Abu Bakr said to her: The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said:" We do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is Sadaqa (charity)." The narrator said: She (Fatima) lived six months after the death of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) and she used to demand from Abu Bakr her share from the legacy of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) from Khaibar, Fadak and his charitable endowments at Medina. Abu Bakr refused to give her this, and said: I am not going to give up doing anything which the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to do. I am afraid that it I go against his instructions in any matter I shall deviate from the right course. So far as the charitable endowments at Medina were concerned, 'Umar handed them over to 'All and Abbas, but 'Ali got the better of him (and kept the property under his exclusive possession). And as far as Khaibar and Fadak were concerned 'Umar kept them with him, and said: These are the endowments of the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) (to the Umma). Their income was spent on the discharge of the responsibilities that devolved upon him on the emergencies he had to meet. And their management was to be in the hands of one who managed the affairs (of the Islamic State). The narrator said: They have been managed as such up to this day.

No. 4355

It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: My heirs cannot share even a dinar (from my legacy) ; what I leave behind after paving mtintenance allowance to my wives and remuneration to my manager is (to go in) charity.

No. 4356

A similar hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Zinad through a different chain of transmitters.

No. 4357

It his been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said:" We do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is a charitable endowment."




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