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‏الصيام (The Book of Fasting)
CHAPTER: FASTING ON THE DAY OF 'ASHURA (10TH OF MUHARRAM)  

No. 2499

'A'isha (Allaah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to fast on the day of 'Ashura in the pre-Islamic days and the Messenger ot Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) also observed it. When he migrated to Medina, he himself observed this fast and commanded (others) to observe it. But when fasting during the month of Ramadan was made obligatory he said: He who wishes to observe this fast may do so, and he who wishes to abandon it may do so.

No. 2500

This hadith is narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters, but he made no mention in the first part of the hadith that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to observe fast, and said about the second part that he abandoned the (fast) of Ashura, and he who wished observed the fast and who wished otherwise abandoned it, and he did not hold it as the words of the Prophet of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) as mentioned in the narration transmitted by Jarir.

No. 2501

'A'isha (Allaah be pleased with her) reported. In the pre-Islamic days fast was observed on the day of Ashura, but with the advent of Islam (its position was ascertained as that of a voluntary fast). Then he who wished to fast fasted, and he who liked to abandon it abandoned it.

No. 2502

'A'isha (Allaah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) had ordered to observe fast (on 'Ashura) before the fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory. But when it became obligatory, then he who wished fasted on the day of Ashura, and he who wished did not observe it (on that day).

No. 2503

'A'isha (Allaah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to observe fast on the day of Ashura during the pre-Islamic days. The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) then commanded to fast on that day till (fasting) in Ramadan became obligatory. Then the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: He who wished to fast should do so. and he who wished to break it may do so.

No. 2504

Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allaah be pleased with them) reported that (the Arabs of) pre-Islamic days used to observe fast on the day of Ashura and the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) observed it and the Muslims too (observed it) before fasting in Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory, the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: 'Ashura is one of the days of Allaah, so he who wished should observe fast and he who wished otherwise should abandon it.

No. 2505

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Abdullah through the same chain of transmitters.

No. 2506

Ibn 'Umar (Allaah be pleased with them) said that the day of 'Ashura was mentioned before the Messenger of Allaah (may peace he upon him). Thereupon the Messenger of Allaah, (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: That was a day on which the people of pre-Islamic days used to observe fast. So he who amongst you likes to observe fast should do so, and he who does not like it should abandon it.

No. 2507

Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allaah be pleased with both of them) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) say about the day of Ashura: It is a day on which the people of pre-Islamic days observed fast. So he who liked to fast on this day should do so, and he who liked to abandon it should abandon it. 'Abdullah (Allaah be pleased with him) did not observe fast except when it coincided (with the days when he was in the habit of observing voluntary fasts during every month).

No. 2508

Abdullah b. Umar (Allaah be pleased with them) reported that the day of 'Ashura was mentioned before the Prophet of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) and he narrated a hadith like one (narrated above).

No. 2509

'Abdullah b. Umar (Allaah be pleased with them) reported that the day of 'Ashura was mentioned before the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) and he said: It is a day when the people in the pre-Islamic days need to observe fast, so he who wishes to observe fast should do so, and he who wishes to abandon it should do so.

No. 2510

Abd al-Rahman b. Yazid said: When al-Ash'ath b. Qais entered the house of 'Abdullah he was having his breakfast. He ('Abdullah b. Umar) said: Abd Muhammad (al-Asha'th), come near to the breakfast. Thereupon he said: Is not today the day of 'Ashura? He ('Abd al-Rahman) said: Do you know what the day of 'Ashura is? He said: What is it? He said: It is a day on which the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to observe fast before the (fasting) in the month of Ramadan (became) obligatory. But when it became obligatory the (fasting of 'Ashura) was abandoned (as compulsory). Abu Kuraib said: He (the Prophet) abandoned it.

No. 2511

This hadith has been narrated from Jarir on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters and he said (these words with a little bit of variation from the previous hadith): When (fasting) in Ramadan was (made) obligatory, he aban- doned it (the practice of observing fast on Ashura).

No. 2512

Qais b Sakan reported that al-Ash'ath b. Qais went to 'Abdullah on the day of 'Ashura while he was eating. He said: Abu Muhammad, come near and dine. Upon this he said: I am fasting. Thereupon he said: We used to observe fast and then (this practice) was abandoned.

No. 2513

'Alqama reported that Ash'ath b. Qais went to Ibn Mas'udd while he was eating on the day of Ashura. Thereupon he said: Abu Abd al-Rahman, it is the day of 'Ashura (and you are eating). Upon this he said: Fast was observed on (this day) before the (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, but when it was made obligatory, (fasting on the day of 'Ashura) was abandoned. So if you are not fasting, then take food.

No. 2514

Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) commanded us to observe fast on the day of Ashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it.

No. 2515

Abd al-Rahman reported that he heard Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan delivering a sermon in Medina. i. e. when he came there (for Hajj). He delivered a sermon on the day of 'Ashura and said: People of Medina, where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) say on this very day: It is the day of 'Ashura. Allaah has not made fasting on This day obligatory for you but I am fasting. He who likes to observe fast among you should do so, and he who likes not to observe it may not observe it.

No. 2516

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shihab through the same chain of transmitters.

No. 2517

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters that be heard Allaah's Prophet (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) as saying on a similar day: I am fasting today, so he who wishes to observe fast should do so; but he did not make mention of the rest of the hadith.

No. 2518

Ibn Abbas (Allaah be pleased with both of them) reported that when Allaah's Messenger (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) came to Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day of Ashura. They (the Jews) were asked about it and they said: It is the day on which Allaah granted victory to Moses and (his people) Bani Isra'il over the Pharaoh and we observe fast out of gratitude to Him. Upon this the Prophet of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: We have a closer connection with Moses than you have, and he commanded to observe fast on this day.

No. 2519

This hadith has been narrated by Ibn Bishr with the same chain of trans- mitters (but with a slight variation) that he (the Prophet) inquired of them (Jews) about it (fasting on the day of 'Ashura).

No. 2520

Ibn'Abbas (Allaah be pleased with both of them) reported that the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) arrived in Medina and found the Jews observing fast on the day of 'Ashura. The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said to them: What is the (significance) of this day that you observe fast on it? They said: It is the day of great (significance) when Allaah delivered Moses and his people, and drowned the Pharaoh and his people, and Moses observed fast out of gratitude and we also observe it. Upon this the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: We have more right, and we have a closer connection with Moses than you have; so Allaah's Messenger (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) observed fast (on the day of 'Ashura), and gave orders that it should be observed.

No. 2521

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ayyub with the same chain of transmitters.

No. 2522

Abu Musa (Allaah be pleased with him) reported: The day of 'Ashura was one which the Jews respected and they treated it as Id. The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: You also observe fast on this day.

No. 2523

Abu Musa reported that the people of Khaibar (most of them were Jews) observed fast on tht day of 'Ashura and they treated it as 'Id and gave their women ornaments and beautiful dresstowear. The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: You (only) observe fast on this day.

No. 2524

Ibn Abbas was asked about observing of fast on the day of Ashura, whereupon he said: I do not know Allaah's Messenger (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) singling out any day's fast and considering it more excellent than another, except this day (the day of Ashura) and this month, meaning the month of Ramadan.

No. 2525

A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of 'Ubaidullah b. Abi Yazid.




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